The gait cycle refers to the sequence of motions that occur during one complete stride when walking. It begins when one foot contacts the ground and ends when the same foot makes contact again. The cycle is divided into two main phases: the stance phase, where the foot remains on the ground for support, and the swing phase, where the foot moves forward to take the next step. Understanding the gait cycle is crucial for analyzing walking patterns, identifying abnormalities, and developing rehabilitation or diagnostic tools in clinical settings.