System Architecture
High-level architecture of the RouteLK Smart Bus Tracking and Passenger Assistance System
Highlevel System Architecture
AWS Cloud Architecture
SMART PUBLIC TRANSPORT PLATFORM
RouteLK is an IoT-based smart public transportation management system that provides real-time bus tracking, passenger occupancy monitoring, and cloud-connected transport solutions.
Current challenges faced by public transportation users
Passengers cannot know the current location of buses or expected arrival time.
Passengers have no information about bus crowd levels before boarding.
Passengers spend unnecessary time waiting at bus stops.
Existing apps provide only isolated features instead of a single, unified platform.
These limitations decrease the convenience, trust, and appeal of public transport.
RouteLK is an IoT-based Smart Bus Tracking and Passenger Assistance System designed to modernize public transport by integrating embedded hardware, cloud services, and mobile applications into one platform. Unlike existing solutions that provide only individual services, RouteLK brings together real-time bus tracking, passenger occupancy monitoring, A/C bus seat booking, emergency notifications, and transport information within a single mobile application.
Each bus is equipped with an ESP32-based embedded device that continuously collects GPS location, passenger occupancy, and emergency status using onboard sensors. The collected data is securely transmitted to AWS Cloud through WiFi or the cellular network (optionally), where it is processed, stored, and synchronized with the mobile application in real time. This enables passengers to access accurate transportation information while allowing transport operators to efficiently monitor and manage their fleet.
Combines bus tracking, passenger occupancy, A/C bus booking, emergency alerts, and route information into a single application.
ESP32-based device collects GPS, occupancy, and emergency data.
AWS cloud services provide secure communication, real-time synchronization, authentication, and reliable data management.
An intuitive Flutter mobile application provides all transportation services through a simple user interface.
Complete smart transportation solution
View real-time bus locations.
Monitor passenger density.
Send instant emergency notifications.
Display bus routes on maps.
Secure data storage and access.
Generate useful transport insights.
Tailored interfaces and functionalities designed for each user role in the ecosystem
High-level architecture of the RouteLK Smart Bus Tracking and Passenger Assistance System
How information travels through RouteLK
Embedded system installed inside buses
Technologies used to build RouteLK
Mobile application development
Responsive Admin Dashboard web interface
Live map tracking and routing
IoT Core, Lambda, DynamoDB, API Gateway
Relational data storage
Server-side API and backend logic
Lightweight real-time message broker
Web service interactions and endpoints
Secure web communications and encryption
ESP32 DevKit firmware development
Serial connection for GPS and SIM800L
General-purpose inputs and outputs
Communication protocol for display modules
Source code hosting, testing, and automation workflows
| Component | Estimated Cost |
|---|---|
| ESP32 Development Board (ESP32 DevKitC) | 1490 LKR |
| NEO-M8N GPS Module | 3990 LKR |
| HC-SR04 Ultrasonic sensors x 4 | 1000 LKR |
| Battery(3.7V Li-ion) x 2 with casing | 1080 LKR |
| SIM 800L 2G GSM Module | 1190 LKR |
| TP4056 Type-C 5V 1A Charging Module | 160 LKR |
| Push Buttons / Switches | 120 LKR |
| Boost Convertor | 290 LKR |
| LM2596 Buck Convertor | 290 LKR |
| Miscellaneous (resistors / breadboards / wires etc) | 1530 LKR |
| Enclosure 3D printing | 4500 LKR |
| 16x2 I2C LCD Character Display | 1000 LKR |
| Total Cost | 16640 LKR |
Our development roadmap and milestones from initiation to evaluation
Meet the team members and supervisors behind RouteLK
Transport performance analysis
Future intelligent prediction models
Large scale public deployment
